After milking the fate of the planet for maximum drama, Donald Trump announced today that the U.S. Would withdraw from the Paris climate accord.
To reach this decision, the President had to dismiss decades’ worth of research by the country’s most prestigious scientific organizations. He needed to resist pleas from the U.S.’s staunchest allies; ignore appeals from many of its largest corporations, including ExxonMobil; and disregard the counsel of his Secretary of State. All this for, well, what? To shore up his base on the coal-hugging right? “ ANALYSIS: TELLING LITERALLY EVERY OTHER COUNTRY IN THE WORLD TO FUCK OFF WILL PROBABLY CREATE PROBLEMS DOWN THE ROAD,” David Roberts, who blogs about climate policy for Vox, as the news of the move began to leak out. But, if Trump’s decision is evidently wrongheaded, it’s also possible that it won’t make all that much difference.
This is in part because the U.S. Had already effectively exited the agreement. In part it’s because just about everybody outside the Trump Administration seems to understand that the U.S.
Is making a world-historical mistake. “” runs the headline of the cover story of next week’s Bloomberg Businessweek. Among the many reasons that Trump’s move makes no sense is that the Paris accord is a fundamentally weak agreement. Designed to avoid the need for approval by the U.S. Senate, it’s not even an official treaty. Under the accord, each country was left to devise its own commitment—or, as it is officially known, “nationally determined contribution.” In March, the Administration made it clear that it had no intention of fulfilling the U.S.’s commitment, which was to reduce the country’s carbon-dioxide emissions by at least twenty-six per cent by 2025 (a figure that relies on a baseline from 2005). The White House did this by rescinding—or, more accurately, indicating its desire to rescind—the two sets of Obama-era regulations upon which the commitment was based: a set of stricter auto-efficiency standards and a series of rules governing emissions from power plants.
Even under these rules, it would have been a stretch for the U.S. To meet its Paris “contribution”; without them, meeting the contribution has become, for all intents and purposes, impossible.
(Instead of declining, the U.S.’s emissions are now through 2030.) But, since the country’s commitment was, essentially, voluntary, the U.S. Could have remained a party to the Paris accord while at the same time ignoring the agreement’s terms.
(In fact, technically, it will remain a party to the accord, as the process of formally withdrawing will take years.) Many in the climate-policy world argued that this course was preferable and that, despite the Trump Administration’s atrocious behavior, it would be best to keep the U.S. At the negotiating table. Others worried that Washington’s bad manners might be contagious. “A rogue US can cause more damage inside rather than outside the agreement” is how Luke Kemp, a climate-policy expert at Australian National University, put it recently, in the journal. Trump’s decision has obviously rendered this debate moot.
By withdrawing, the U.S. Will join a select group of non-participants. Only two other countries, Syria and Nicaragua, are not part of the Paris agreement—Nicaragua because it objected to the voluntary nature of the commitments.
One way to think about the Paris accord is as a diplomatic version of “Stone Soup.” In the folktale, reluctant villagers contribute tidbits to a collective pot, and in the end everyone gets a meal. The story turns on a trick that overcomes the villagers’ reflexive stinginess; by the logic of the scheme, the working-out of the illusion transforms it into reality. In the climate treaty, instead of soup, the objective is a radically transformed energy system.
If everyone believes that the transformation is going to happen (“everyone,” in this case, meaning the world’s major energy producers and the banks that finance them), then it will, in fact, take place: the illusion has the power to become self-fulfilling. This is the promise of Paris—and, of course, the peril.
The dynamic can run in either direction. The U.S.’s withdrawal could prompt other countries to reconsider their contributions. Or it could have the opposite effect. The Trump Administration is leaving the energy technologies of the future to other countries to develop, and many nations see an economic opportunity. As the headline of a recent post on put it,“If Trump Dumps the Paris Accord, China Will Rule the Energy Future.” It is telling that several of the U.S.’s largest tech companies, including Apple, Google, Microsoft, and Intel, signed an open letter to Trump, urging him to “keep the United States in the Paris Agreement.” The letter states, “By expanding markets for innovative clean technologies, the agreement generates jobs and economic growth.” On Tuesday, Apple’s chief executive, Tim Cook, reportedly, urging him to remain in the agreement.
In another open letter to the President, which ran as a full-page ad in the Wall Street Journal, the heads of thirty other mammoth companies, including 3M, Cargill, Bank of America, and Morgan Stanley, wrote to express their “strong support for the United States remaining in the Paris Climate Agreement.” that they were concerned about the “strong potential for negative trade implications if the United States exits from the Paris Agreement.” Many commentators have suggested that the U.S., in withdrawing from Paris, is ceding its leadership role in the world. But the sad fact is that the U.S.
Has never been a leader in addressing climate change; this is one of the main reasons that the Paris accord is so weak. Has only been a leader in producing climate change. (On an annual basis, America is now the world’s second-greatest carbon emitter, behind China, but on an aggregate basis it’s responsible for more of the excess CO2 in the atmosphere than any other country.) When Barack Obama helped forge the Paris accord, he was trying to make up for decades of American inaction. Trump has now nullified that effort.
The just result would be that it is the U.S. Economy that ends up suffering.
The Colbert Report Genre Created by Directed by Presented by Stephen Colbert Opening theme 'Baby Mumbles' by Country of origin United States Original language(s) English No. Of seasons 11 No. Of episodes 1,447 Production Executive producer(s) Jon Stewart Stephen Colbert Producer(s) Emily Gasperak Location(s), Running time 22 minutes Production company(s) Release Original network Picture format ( ) (2005–09) ( ) (2010–14) Original release October 17, 2005 ( 2005-10-17) – December 18, 2014 ( 2014-12-18) Chronology Related shows External links The Colbert Report ( ) is an American and hosted by that aired four days a week on from October 17, 2005 to December 18, 2014 for 1,447 episodes. The show focused on a, played by his real-life namesake. The character, described by Colbert as a 'well-intentioned, poorly informed, high-status ', is a caricature of televised political. Furthermore, the show satirized conservative personality-driven political talk programs, particularly 's.
The Colbert Report is a of Comedy Central's, where he acted as a for the program for several years while developing the character. The program was created by Colbert, and. The show's writing was grounded in, and often lampooned stories. The show's structure also included a guest interview, in which the Colbert character attempts to deconstruct his opponent's argument.
The show was taped in 's neighborhood, and the program's set is 'hyper-American', epitomizing the character's ego. The show was taped and broadcast Monday through Thursday, with weeks taken off at multiple points in a given year for breaks. The Colbert Report saw immediate critical and ratings successes, leading to various awards, including two prestigious. The show's —which occasionally would require a fair degree of participation from the show’s audience, dubbed the Colbert Nation—extended beyond the program a number of times.
This impact included the character running for twice, co-hosting a at the, presenting a at the, and establishing a real that raised a million dollars. In addition, the show inspired various forms of multimedia, including music and multiple best-selling books. ” Stephen Colbert describing the show's production, 2009 The show's writing was grounded in, employing a 'yes to everything' mentality. Much of the humor derived from extended improv games with the show's studio and at-home audience, such as Colbert's poll to name a bridge in Hungary after himself. Many of the writers had improv training and at one point put together 'improv evenings' at the once a month. Writers on The Colbert Report were predominantly male and white; Colbert acknowledged this lack of diversity, but he contended he had hired writers based solely on the quality of their material and had never looked at the names on writing packets submitted for employment. Subjects considered too dark were not even considered for comedic material; for example, the show would poke fun at press coverage of a tragedy, rather than the tragedy itself.
Issues discussed on the show were later reported on actual newscasts, in turn allowing the show to comment on its own impact, creating an of sorts. This led Colbert to describe his show, 'at its purest expression, as a pebble that we throw into the puddle of the news, and then we report on our own ripples.' Ideas for each show were considered in the morning pitch meeting, which could range from 'harrowing' to smooth.
Described as having 'demanding standards', Colbert is quoted as remarking, 'Let's make it perfect and then cut it.' Although dozens of ideas were either chosen for the show or deleted, other ideas, saved for a later date, were often forgotten because of the pace of news. Ideas with considerable potential were put in the 'hopper' to be developed and rewritten, while more fully formed ideas were placed in the 'pantry.' Good jokes would still be sacrificed if they did not fit the character's specific point of view, which was deemed the inverse of what 'any logical person' feels.
At least one writer has described the job as 'all-consuming', leaving no time for outside activities. Colbert himself eventually became withdrawn from morning meetings as the show continued on and he mulled a decision to leave. Outside the studio Usually by 11 a.m., a rough outline for the show was completed and writers sent off in pairs to create scripts that would be polished throughout the day. First, writers would scan news articles for ideas and partner together in pairs, with one 'keeping track of possible jokes.'
During an appearance at the in 2013, some writers admitted to procrastinating until the last hour before rehearsal to complete their sections; Colbert confirmed that, in the program's early days, segments such as 'The Word' were scripted entirely during the rewrite before rehearsal. Both writers read their dialogue aloud to see whether they thought the Colbert character would say it. As writers were working on their respective scripts, the show's production and graphics team compiled music, footage, and props needed for the show. To collect video clips, the show cross-referenced transcripts of hours and hours of archived recordings of news programs. In 2011, the show switched to software, which streamlined the TV clip search and compilation process, allowing for searching for select words.
In addition, a group of staff and independent contractors developed to collaborate on scripts in real time. By 1 p.m., the show held a second production meeting to go over scripts and determine which pieces to edit.
Scripts were 'hopefully' completed around 4 p.m., and a rehearsal with the entire staff would begin at 5:30 p.m. Or occasionally earlier. Afterward, final changes were made to the script. The final rewrite would take place in a 'small, red, poorly ventilated room' until 6:45 p.m. Before interviewing his guests, Colbert met with them in the and acknowledged that he was playing a character, noting that the is 'willfully ignorant of what you know and care about' and urging the guest to 'honestly disabuse me of what you see as my ignorance.'
, a producer for the interview segments, advised guests to talk with Colbert as though he were a 'harmless drunk at the next bar stool.' Guests would typically take their seats around 7 p.m., when a warm-up comedian (perhaps or ) delivered jokes. Colbert, out of character, held a brief question and answer session with the audience prior to taping. Taping lasted as long as three hours but usually ended around 9 p.m., at which point the show was edited and sent to Comedy Central for broadcast. As the show was being edited, the staff met one last time to work through details for the next show. Colbert on the show's set, preparing to interview in 2012.
The Colbert Report was taped and broadcast four nights a week, Monday–Thursday. The show's taping studio, at 513 W. 54th Street in New York City's neighborhood, was used for The Daily Show until July 2005, and has a capacity of 150. NEP Studio 54 on is owned by which is New York City's largest production facility and also owns The Daily Show set at NEP Studio 52 two blocks south on. Aside from the set, the show's production offices have been described as 'loft-like' and 'all overhead pipes and exposed brick.'
Following the show's conclusion, the building was used for. The set for The Colbert Report was called 'The Eagle's Nest' and reflects and facilitates Colbert's self-aggrandizing style. It was designed by Jim Fenhagen, and was intended to both capture the character's ego and be 'hyper-American.' Elements incorporated into the set included architectural lines converged to Colbert's desk, and radial beams coming out from behind his chair. Colbert's main influence for the set was Leonardo da Vinci's, with the Colbert character as. In the set, 'virtually every inch emblazoned with Colbert's name or the initial C'; his name, initials and the name of the show appear on the desk's, on the rafters above the desk, and the desk itself is shaped like a giant 'C'. The background includes faux artifacts from the character's backstory, which are seldom seen by viewers.
'I kept saying, 'People might not really notice this.' But when you're working with a comedy team, they really get into it.
They couldn't help themselves,' said Fenhagen. Among these touches are the, a miniature, and a guide to American government. The set was described as 'part homage to the star, part symbologic gallery — where alert viewers are rewarded with snarky jokes at every turn.' Above a fireplace is a portrait of Colbert; it originally showed Colbert standing in front of the same mantel with another portrait of himself. On the show's first anniversary, the portrait was replaced by one of Colbert standing in front of the mantel with the first portrait above it, and with each successive year, it became Colbert standing in front of the previous year's painting. The graphics used throughout the show and the studio itself are saturated with, and other patriotic imagery. This section needs additional citations for.
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2010) Typically, Colbert starts with the audience cheering and teasers regarding the show's topics and guest; each headline is structured to be a deliberate pun. The series of puns are followed by a verbal that promotes the show and is almost always finished with, 'This is the Colbert Report.' The show's original opening title sequence began with an eagle diving past the host, following by images of Americana, stock footage of Colbert, and words describing Colbert flying by (some of which have been used as The Word). The first word used was 'Grippy', and has changed to include, among others, 'Megamerican', 'Lincolnish', 'Superstantial', 'Flagaphile', and 'Factose Intolerant'. The May 4 episode in 2009 featured hints planted by about when and where Colbert would be in the, and 'Farewellison' for the final episode of former producer Allison Silverman.
The show's opening credits depict the Colbert character clutching an American flag. On January 4, 2010, a new opening debuted.
The opening begins and ends with an eagle as before, but features new background renderings, new shots of Stephen Colbert, and is now colored in an American, red white and blue motif. The show's is 'Baby Mumbles'.
Colbert phoned guitarist during development of the show to discuss the theme, noting that he loved the band's song '; the show's theme music is largely that song's melody backwards. Following the opening sequence, Colbert most often proceeds with a run-through of recent headlines in a manner parodying traditional news broadcasts; this is similar to The Daily Show but with a faux- spin. The program typically continues with Colbert addressing a specific topic. Colbert often calls to 'Jimmy', a reference to program director Jim Hoskinson, to roll video clips.
That topic will often lead into a 'The Word' segment, which juxtaposes Colbert's commentary with satirical bullet points on-screen, a parody of 's 'Talking Points Memo'. On occasion he will conduct a short interview with someone having to do with the topic. The format of the middle segment varies, but it is normally a visual presentation or skit. Often, these skits are parts of, which may include ', in which Colbert interviews a from a certain district of the United States; 'Tip of the Hat/Wag of the Finger', in which Colbert voices his approval or disapproval of prominent people and news items; 'Cheating Death with Dr. Colbert, D.F.A.' , a health segment; 'The Sport Report' with the 't' in both Sport and Report silent, a sports segment; and 'The ThreatDown', in which Colbert lists the five greatest threats to America, and others.
His newest segment, 'Thought for Food' deals with the consumption of specific foods across the world. Sometimes, there is a ' Colbert Report Special Repor-t' (the final 't' pronounced with special emphasis), or even a ' Colbert Report, Sport Report, Special Repor-t', in which Colbert devotes a section of an episode, and sometimes the entire episode to a special subject.
The third segment is almost always an interview with a celebrity guest, often an author or government official. Unlike the late night talk show standard of the guest walking out to the host’s desk, Colbert instead runs to a separate area of the set to interview his guest, basking in the applause and glory meant for the guest. On the interview segment of the show, Colbert frequently attempts to nail his guest by using various and to prove them wrong.
The real-life Colbert once remarked that his personal favorite segment of the program were the interviews, which involved more listening on his end in order for the character to 'ignorantly deconstruct' his opponent's argument. The third segment of the show is on occasion a musical guest. Prominent musical guests have included, and.
Afterwards, Colbert ends the show by giving some parting words to the audience or, if short for time, a simple 'that's it for the report everybody, good night'. Character. ” Colbert on the character The host of The Colbert Report is Stephen Colbert, a 'self-important ', portrayed by his real-life namesake.
The character incorporates aspects of Colbert's real life, but is primarily a of cable news, particularly of ', whom he refers to as 'Papa Bear'. To this end, the character even incorporates O'Reilly's mannerisms, described as his 'pen-wielding, hand-stabbing gestures.' O'Reilly's use of 'talking points' — illustrated onscreen graphics reflecting the host's opinions — are parodied on The Colbert Report with the segment 'The Word'. He initially incorporated long-winded, verbose metaphors to parody CNN correspondent Aaron Brown. In addition, the character was also heavily inspired by, and 'especially'.
'I loved the way Geraldo made reporting a story seem like an act of courage,' Colbert told a reporter in 2012. The core principle of The Colbert Report is that Colbert is a 'well-intentioned, poorly informed, high-status.' The character believes that he himself is the news: rather than a vessel to deliver the news to the audience, or a general member of the media, the character sees himself as more important than the news. He is veracious in his approach, while often ridiculously overblown in his statements. The character is, fact-averse ('factose intolerant'), God-fearing, and hyper-patriotic. He claims to be an who is often mistaken for a, but uniformly despises and generally agrees with the actions and decisions of the Republican Party. Colbert's character has been described as a 'caustic right-wing bully'.
The character exists not in opposition to political leaders, but to common ignorances; for example, his insistence that then-presidential candidate Barack Obama had Socialist leanings was based on public misconceptions. In parodying the, the Colbert character also developed a real-life equivalent, creating what was dubbed the 'Colbert Nation'. While giving the character a certain mythos was part of the show's inception, show producers did not set out to create a loyal following; the joke was that the character thought he had an influence, but that was a figment of his ego-riddled imagination. The character is primarily a of cable news, particularly, pictured above. Despite his appearance of always being in charge, Colbert is vulnerable: he feels deeply threatened by those wielding more power than he, and he suffers from 'arctophobia', the of, which he refers to as 'giant, marauding, godless killing machines'. He will alert the audience to what he perceives as the latest national threat (the subject of a recurring bit, 'ThreatDown'), only to justify his own fears and impose those onto his audience.
As the show progressed, Colbert gradually began to tone down the character, allowing guests in interviews to 'get his or her own message across.' The show's longevity created what described as 'a winking quality to the act, a sense that we’re all in on the joke.' Colbert himself acknowledged that he 'rarely hit it as hard as I used to,' noting that 'You have to be vigilant to stay ignorant.' He noted that his own personal opinions can occasionally align with his character's, when liberal guests' agendas appeared based on dislike rather than logical argument. Politician and former accidentally referred to the persona as a 'character' in a 2011 interview on the show, and in 2013, Colbert further blurred lines when he spoke regarding the death of his mother on the program. In doing so, many commentators referred the show's longevity and the development of a 'third' Colbert — one a faux pundit and one informed by the performer's own life. In the show's credits, Colbert was credited with a title, which became increasingly long and humorous as the show progressed: Her Excellency The Rev.
Sir Doctor Stephen Tyrone Colbert, D.F.A., ✱✱ featuring La Premiere Dame De France. When O'Reilly appeared on The Daily Show before the second episode of The Colbert Report aired, he commented, 'Before we get started, somebody told me walking in here, you got some French guy on after you making fun of me?' , and made several references in the following interview to 'the French Guy'. In a subsequent interview, O'Reilly said that he 'feels it's a compliment' to have Colbert parody him because Colbert 'isn't mean-spirited' and does not 'use his platform to injure people'. Later, Colbert replied on-air, 'I like you too.
In fact, if it wasn't for you, this show wouldn't exist.' Themes Colbert disagreed that the show's emphasis on politics represented a liberal bias, noting that he himself was uninterested in modern politics.
He believed that political issues reflect basic human behavior, which he viewed as his satirical specialty, noting, 'If I thought I had a political point, I'd be in big trouble.' In another interview, Colbert remarked, 'I'm not someone with a particular political ax to grind. I'm a comedian. I love hypocrisy.' Episodes. Main article: Notable episodes Early years The Colbert Report premiered in October 2005.
The first guest was, a partial influence on the character. In the debut episode, Colbert coined the word, defined as 'a quality characterizing a 'truth' that a person making an argument or assertion claims to know 'from the gut' or because it 'feels right' without regard to, examination, or.' Was named for 2005 by the and for 2006. The character's forceful nature confused some in the program's early days.
During an appearance on the segment ' in the show's first season, a frustrated Barney Frank declined to continue, deeming the conversation too dumb. In one early episode, the Colbert character purported to be a former member of a 1980s group, Stephen & the Colberts, and released a fictional from the band for the song 'Charlene (I'm Right Behind You)'. The show's popularity resulted in Colbert headlining the 2006, which he performed in character. The targeted President and the media, and was greeted with chilly reception from the audience.
Although President Bush shook Colbert's hand after his presentation, several of Bush's aides and supporters walked out during Colbert's speech, and one former aide commented that the President had 'that look that he's ready to blow'. Colbert's performance quickly became an Internet and media sensation. According to, the speech transformed Colbert as a 'folk hero' for liberals, and was later described by Frank Rich as the 'defining moment' of the 2006 midterm elections.
Adam Sternbergh of, a year after the show's debut, deemed the character 'something very close to what he's parodying, a kind of Bill O'Reilly for the angry left.' In 2006, Colbert encouraged fans to vote for his name to be the new name of a bridge in Hungary, which was being decided via an online poll; he beat the runner-up by more than 14 million votes. He was, however, disqualified, as the name of the bridge was intended to be a memoriam. Later that year, he began a mock feud with group over the subject of who was the first to challenge fans to create a video; the fake conflict culminated in a competition on the show's final episode of the year, featuring guest appearances from guitarist and Dr. Colbert later recalled it as the show's 'craziest' moment, changing the way the staff viewed the program: 'Because you realize the character believes anything he thinks, says, or cares about is important, anything fits on the show.
That is the show where we said, oh, there is unlimited open field running.' Chantz correcting Colbert at In February 2007, unveiled a new ice cream flavor in honor of Stephen Colbert, named. All proceeds were donated to charity through the Stephen Colbert AmeriCone Dream Fund, which distributed the money to various causes. In June 2007, Colbert broke his left wrist while performing his warm-up for the show. It was the subject of an extended bit on the program, including the creation of the 'Wriststrong', based on 's ' wrist band, which donated all proceeds to the. Colbert remained on the air without writers during the in 2007–08.
Colbert modified the pronunciation of the show's name, pronouncing both of the formerly elided final 't's ( /ˈkoʊlbərt rəpɔrt/); a similar move was made by The Daily Show which returned to air as. During this period, he staged a between himself, Jon Stewart, and host. In 2008, Colbert made a series of jokes directed at various towns in the United States named 'Canton', with many attracting negative responses from each respective area's local government and residents. The same year, the show filmed a titled. In 2009, Colbert for the troops in,. He had a suit tailored for him in the pattern and went through an abbreviated version of the 's regimen. On the first of the four episodes, Colbert had his head shaved on stage by General who was jokingly 'ordered' to do so by President, who appeared on the episode via a pre-recorded segment from the.
Later years. President guest-hosting the show in 2014. In 2010, while in character, Colbert appeared before judiciary subcommittee hearing on the issue of farm workers and. Used Colbert's testimony before Congress as an example of the 'third' Colbert: 'Colbert was thoughtful and sincere—and had ruined the whole thing. By speaking honestly, he had become the very thing he was mocking, a celebrity testifying before Congress.' Beginning in June 2011, the show created a long-running gag that involved Colbert starting his own actual super PAC, described by the character as '100 percent legal and at least 10 percent ethical.' In 2012, Colbert interviewed illustrator/author, who managed to get him to; show staff and Colbert himself retrospectively labeled the segment one of the show’s more memorable moments.
The called the September 2013 interview with intelligence official Philip Mudd his 'most awkward interview', stating Mudd 'could barely disguise his contempt' for Colbert. President guested during the show's final month, in a show taped from in; Obama sat in Colbert's seat and presided over ' segment. The aired on December 18, 2014. In the episode Stephen becomes after accidentally killing ' during the opening of the segment of '. This leads to Stephen singing ' in its entirety along with a large crowd of, before meeting with, and on the roof of the studio.
As they ride off together in Santa's sleigh, Stephen bids a final farewell to his viewers and tosses back to Jon Stewart at the desk of The Daily Show, who thanks Stephen for his report. Reception Critical response Initial reviews Reviews of The Colbert Report upon its 2005 premiere were positive, although critics were generally skeptical that the character could extend beyond one season without growing tiresome. While positively reviewing the program as a whole, Maureen Ryan of the echoed these sentiments: 'The biggest question hanging over The Colbert Report is whether the show’s sendup of the pomposity and fear-mongering of cable news blowhards will be as appealing in the long term.' Melanie McFarland of the summarized the show's early reaction: 'Critics and bloggers either loved the premiere or declared themselves to be unmoved, but that's the standard reaction after any late-night program's debut. A truer measure will be seen in coming weeks, after the hype wears off and the ratings lose their exuberance.' Gilbert Cruz of noted that 'Colbert proves that the line between serious TV journalism and utter nonsense is a very thin one indeed.' Heather Havrilesky of was effusive, remarking, 'Not only does Colbert maintain his persona without skipping a beat throughout the entire show, but he’s got great comic timing, the show’s writers are brilliant, and the whole thing is pure foolish, bizarre, idiotic fun.'
Barry Garron of dubbed it an 'auspicious debut', writing, 'The new show dovetails nicely with its lead-in to present a solid hour of skewered news and punctured pomposity.' 's Brian Lowry commented that the show had an 'impressive start with a topnotch premiere followed by a respectable second outing.' Paul Brownfield of the wrote, 'In the run-up to the show it all sounded a bit hard to get your head around, but in the flesh the show zinged, at least this first week.' 's Matthew Gilbert praised the show's wordplay, summarizing, 'Colbert's a clever creation, and a necessary one, and he deserves an opportunity to offend as many people as possible with his pompous blather.' Alessandra Stanley of commented that the show was a welcome addition to the Comedy Central lineup, remarking, 'What puts Mr. Colbert over the top is that he is not just impersonating well known television personalities, he also uses parody to score larger points about politics and the press.'
Nevertheless, there were more negative reviews: 's Robert Bianco opined that the show 'tried too hard', writing, 'Unfortunately, in just two weeks on the air, this half-hour spoof of a no-spin-zone type show has already stretched Colbert's character and the artifice that supports it past its natural breaking point.' Later reviews remarked that the show remained funny throughout its entire run. The Colbert Report currently scores favorable reviews, with 65/100 on (first season), while its viewers' ranking on the site is higher at 8.7/10.
In a 2009 academic analysis of the show's popularity, researcher, Heather LaMarre found that the show appealed to both liberals and conservatives, concluding, 'there was no significant difference between the groups in thinking Colbert was funny, but conservatives were more likely to report that Colbert only pretends to be joking and genuinely meant what he said while liberals were more likely to report that Colbert used satire and was not serious when offering political statements'. Discussed LaMarre's findings in his Revisionist History podcast, 'The Satire Paradox' (2016). Ratings The ratings of The Colbert Report, from its premiere, benefited from the lead-in The Daily Show provides, which at the time of the show's debut averaged 1.3 million viewers per night.
Comedy Central had previously struggled to produce a hit program on par with The Daily Show, and were counting on Colbert after a string of failures. The Colbert Report drew 1.13 million viewers for its premiere episode, 47 percent greater than the average for that time slot over the previous four weeks, and 98 percent of the viewership of The Daily Show, which had Comedy Central's second-largest viewership. Averaged over its opening week, The Report had 1.2 million viewers per episode, more than double the average for the same time the previous year, when the time slot was occupied.
The show regularly began attracting over one million viewers with near immediacy. The show also drew more young men, a powerful demographic, than other late-night hosts (at that time, and ). Within a year, The Colbert Report began averaging 1.5 million viewers per night.
In early 2008, in the midst of the, Colbert posted an eleven-percent gain over its averages from the following fall. From 2012 to 2013, viewership decreased from 1.2 million to 1.1 million. In 2013, The Colbert Report was the second most-watched late-night talk show (behind The Daily Show) among the demographic of adults 18-49, beating competition in that demographic for the first time. That year, The Colbert Report attracted $52.1 million in advertising for an audience whose median age was 39.4, about a year younger than The Daily Show. In 2014, the final year of the show's run, ratings were down three percent (coinciding with a general ratings slide for cable television).
The on December 18, 2014 was watched by 2.4 million viewers, making it the most watched episode ever in the show's history. The finale was the most watched cable program of the night in its time slot, beating The Daily Show which was seen by two million viewers. Stephen Colbert and the crew of The Colbert Report at the 67th Annual The Colbert Report received numerous awards and accolades throughout its run. The show was nominated for four in its inaugural year, but lost to The Daily Show. The show was nominated each year for the rest of its run for, but lost each time to The Daily Show until 2013, when it broke the latter program's winning streak, dubbed the longest in Emmy history. Colbert subsequently referenced his win on his program as the conclusion of Stewart's 'reign of terror.'
It also won the award the following year, and is nominated in the same category in 2015. The show received two, recognizing its excellence in news and entertainment. It also won two, one for for the soundtrack to the special A Colbert Christmas, and later for for the to.
Colbert and Stewart’s was nominated for four Daytime Emmy awards in 2011, including the category and the category. Issue The Colbert Report on occasion created controversy. In March 2014, the show attracted controversy when Colbert used a 'fatuously fake parody stereotype character, 'Ching-Chong Ding-Dong,' to 'satirize knee-jerk mockery' of.
The name had been used before without incident, but the show's official account — run by an unknown individual — tweeted the remarks without context, leading to wide outrage over, including a campaign, '#CancelColbert', that was a worldwide trending topic for over 24 hours, thanks in-part by Colbert himself helping make it go viral for his show. Colbert at the in 2010, which attracted over 215,000 people. The show also coined another word, wikiality, that means 'reality as decided on majority rule.' Viewers of the show also coined a word, freem, based on its inclusion in the show's opening sequence; the word refers to 'freedom' without having to 'do' anything — without any responsibility or action.'
In response to the 'Better Know a District' segment, then the Democratic Caucus chair, instructed incoming freshmen not to do appearances on the show in 2007. In 2008, associate professor named a species of in honor of Stephen Colbert. The 'Colbert Bump' is defined, connotatively by the Report, as an increase in popularity of a person (author, musician, politician, etc.) or thing (website, etc.) as a result of appearing as a guest on or (in the case of a thing) being mentioned on the show. For example, if a politician appears on The Colbert Report, they may become more popular with certain voters and thus are more likely to be elected. According to the, contributions to Democratic politicians rose 40% for 30 days after an appearance on the show.
Magazines such as, and have all had sales spikes when Colbert appeared on their covers. Viewers of The Colbert Report were on numerous occasions cited as being more knowledgeable about current events than traditional news viewers.
In April 2007, a report cited both Colbert and The Daily Show viewers as more well-informed than those who gathered their information via newspapers, television news and radio. Colbert's Super PAC coverage was widely lauded, and studies later found that this coverage was more effective than traditional news programs at educating the audience on campaign finance. He was awarded a for the parody, which was described as an 'innovative means of teaching American viewers about the landmark court decision'. The reported in 2014 that the Colbert Super PAC segments increased viewers' knowledge of PAC and 501(c)(4) campaign finance regulation more successfully than other types of news media. International distribution Outside the United States, The Colbert Report has been shown in Canada on, simultaneously with its original U.S. Broadcast, since shortly after its debut. On September 22, 2014, due to The Comedy Network's acquisition of Canadian rights to, the program began airing on and did so for the remainder of the show's run.
It airs on in Australia, in New Zealand, and on in the. As of 2012, The Colbert Report has also been broadcast in Africa on DSTV's version of Comedy Central. It aired on in the United Kingdom until they decided not to renew their contract in May 2009. In Portugal, it airs on.
Beginning June 3, 2008, The Colbert Report also aired on the ShowComedy channel of (Currently First HD), a channel which broadcasts in the Middle East and North Africa. The show is transmitted on a one-day delay from original transmission in the US.
The show was shown during prime time on Australia's free-to-air in 2010, however the channel was outbid for rights for 2011. The show was available directly on the colbernation.com website for part of 2011, with Australian advertisements; however, Australian access is now blocked. Several international markets also air The Colbert Report Global Edition, which shows highlights from the previous week's shows and includes a special introduction by Stephen Colbert at the start of the program. This means a new or newly repackaged episode can be screened every weekday. In addition, most recent episodes (usually 3 weeks back) are available in full length on colbertnation.com.
However, some international audiences are unable to view the videos or episodes. Related multimedia The show spawned various merchandise and multimedia related to the show.
Three books were released to accompany the show's humor, the first being, released both in print and as an in 2007. In 2012, two spinoff books of the show were released.
Is a to the show's first book, and addresses topics including, eating on the campaign trail, and the. Another book, was released the same year and purports to be a telling the story of a fictional pole finding its purpose in life. Segments from the show were also released on during its run., released in 2007, contains several of the show's most memorable early moments.
The show's Christmas special, was also released on DVD the following year. The of that special also saw a digital release on the after its broadcast, and contains music from, and Colbert himself. In 2011, record label released a 7' vinyl single of Stephen Colbert and performing 'Charlene II (I'm Over You)', which they also performed together on the show. See also.
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Kolbert, Ph.D., LPC, NCC, is a Professor in the Counselor Education Program at Duquesne University. Kolbert is a certified school counselor and Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Pennsylvania, and he is a National Certified Counselor (NCC). Kolbert teaches master's and doctoral counselor education courses, including: Introduction to School Counseling and Ethical Practices, Advanced School Counseling, Counseling and Consulting Theory, Lifespan Development and Counseling, Instructional Methods in Counselor Education, and Introduction to Marriage and Family Counseling.
He has also taught at The College of William and Mary in Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania. Kolbert obtained his doctorate in counseling from The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia. He has worked as a school counselor, marriage and family counselor, substance abuse counselor, and mobile crisis counselor. Kolbert has authored publications in nationally refereed journals on a variety of topics, including bullying and bullying prevention, relational aggression, gender identity, and moral development.
(2016, December). Parent consultation using solution-focused & structural theories. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association (PSCA), Hershey, PA Lamberto, R., & Kolbert, J.
B., (2016, February). The RAMP application process. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association (PSCA), Hershey, PA. Aulthouse, M., & Kolbert, J. (2016, February). Positive psychology and career development. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association (PSCA), Hershey, PA.
S., Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., Bundick, M. J., Buzgon, J. W., Nesson, L., Berbary, C., Senko, & Simpson, J.
(2015, August). Awareness of anti-bullying policies' inclusion of LGBTQ-specific language. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto. B., Hyatt-Burkhart, D., & Behun, J. (2015, March). Clinical interventions with adolescents using a family systems approach.
Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Counseling Association, Orland, FL. (national peer reviewed) Fazzini, J., Thrower, J., Yeager, B., & Kolbert, J. (2014, December).
Bullying of LGBTQ students. Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Seven Springs, PA.
(peer reviewed) Buzgon, J. W., Wells, D.
S., Stephenson, E. R., Berbary, C., Nesson, L., Griffin, A., Crothers, L. M., & Kolbert, J. (2014, October). Bullying of LGBTQ students in southwestern Pennsylvania.
Poster presented at the Association of School Psychologists of Pennsylvania fall conference, State College, PA. S., Buzgon, J. W., Berbary, C., Griffin, A., Nesson, L., Woodarek, J., Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., & Schmitt, A. (2014, October). Cognitive correlates of relational and social aggression in an university sample. Poster presented at the Association of School Psychologists of Pennsylvania Fall Conference, State College, PA.
J., Cerrito, J., & Kolbert, J. (2014, July). Recognizing and reporting child sexual abuse. Presented at the annual meeting of the American School Counselor Association, Orlando, FL (national peer reviewed) Field, J. E., Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L.
(2013, March). Whole-school methods to address bullying. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Counseling Association, Cincinnati, OH. (national peer reviewed) Mulcahy, M., Kolbert, J.
B., & Crothers, L. (2013, March). The process and strategies LGBTQ students employ to establish an informal, school-based mentor in high school. Poster session conducted at the annual meeting of the American Counseling Association, Cincinnati, OH. (national peer reviewed) Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., Kanyongo, G.
Y., Schmitt, A. J., Fenclau, E.,Albright, C. M., Woodarek, J., & Wells, D.
(2013, February). Relational and social aggression and reflective processing in late adolescence. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the National Association of School Psychologists, Seattle, WA. M., Field, J. E., Kolbert, J. B., Kanyongo, G. Y., Buzgon, J.,Stephenson, E., & Fenclau, E.
(2013, February). I dentity, cognitive processing, and relational and social aggression in adolescence. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the National Association of School Psychologists, Seattle, WA. B., & Dalton, S. (2013, December). The Parent Involvement Model and bullying prevention.
Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, PA. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L. (2012, March).
The relationship between hyperfemininity and achievement of ego identity among college females. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Counseling Association, San Francisco, CA. (national peer reviewed) Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., Field, J.
E., & Hughes, T. (2012, February). Presentation and efficacy of the Goodwill Girls and Boys curriculum. Miniskills session presented at the annual meeting of the National Association of School Psychologists, Philadelphia, PA. (national peer reviewed) Clinton, A., Crothers, L. M, Kolbert, J. B., Hughes, T.
L., Schreiber, J. B., Schmitt, A. J., Lipinski, J., V-zquez, G. R., & Field, J. (2011, August).
A cross-cultural investigation of relational and social aggression. Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. (national peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., Crothers, L. M., & Field, J. (2011, March).
Individual and familial interventions with perpetrators and victims of school bullying. American Counselors Association Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA. (national peer reviewed) Crothers, L. M., Kanyongo, G.
Y., Field, J. E., Kolbert, J. B., Albright, C., Bell, G.
R., Blasik, J. L., Debor, L., Fenclau, E., Paret, S., & Schwickrath, H. (2010, August). The relationship between hyperfemininity and achievement of ego identity.
Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Diego, CA. (national peer reviewed) Field, J. E., Kolbert, J.
B., & Crothers, L. (2010, March). Untangling the web: Prevention and intervention for school bullying. Presentation conducted at the American Counselors Association Annual Conference, Pittsburgh, PA. (national peer reviewed) Crothers, L.
M., Kanyongo, G. Y., Field, J. E., Kolbert, J. B., Blasik, J., & Keener, D. (2009, August). Job stress and locus of control in teachers: Comparisons between a United States' and Zimbabwean sample.
Presentation conducted at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada. (national peer reviewed) Field, J., Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L. (2009, March).
'The girls-they go after each other': Prevention and intervention for girl bullying. Presentation conducted at the American Counselors Association Annual Conference, Charlotte, NC. (national peer reviewed) Crothers, L. M., Schreiber, J. B., Keener, D., Bell, R., Blasik, J., Greisler, M., & Kolbert, J. (2008, August).
Gender identity and relational aggression in late adolescence. Presentation conducted at the American Psychological Association 116th Annual Convention, Boston, MA. (national peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., & Field, J. (2005, October). Embracing warm and fuzzy: School counselors and Emotional intelligence.
Presentation conducted at the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) Conference, Pittsburgh, PA. (national peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. (2005, April). Counseling boys: Examining the emotional life and culture of boys and male adolescents.
Presentation conducted at the American Counselors Association Annual Conference, Atlanta, GA. (national peer reviewed) Field, J. E., Crothers, L. M., & Kolbert, J. (2003, July).
I-ll die if you don-t love me: Ways for school counselors to promote healthy dating skills in adolescents. Presentation conducted at the Annual American School Counseling Association Conference, St. (national peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., & Brendel, J. (2002, March). Dual relationships in academia: A qualitative analysis. Presentation conducted at the American Counselors Association Annual Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana.
(national peer reviewed) Foster, V. A., McAdams, C. R., Brendel, J. M., Loew, S., & Kolbert, J. A school-university collaboration model for multi-systemic family counseling.
Presentation conducted at the American Counseling Association World Conference, Orlando, FL. (national peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. Using Solution-Focused theory in consulting with parents. Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, PA. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J.B. (2009, October). Using Reality and Solution Focused theories to promote Academic achievement. Western Regional Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Conference.
Youngwood, PA. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J.
(2009, April). School-based consultation with parents using solution-focused & structural theories. Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Hershey, PA. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L.
(2004, April). Evolutionary psychology and bullying. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, PA.
(peer reviewed) Nimatrea, N., & Kolbert, J. (2004, March).
Counseling incarcerated clients. Presentation conducted at the Kentucky Mental Health Counselors Association Annual Conference. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J.
B., & Crothers, L. (2003, November). Evolutionary psychology and bullying. Presentation conducted at the Western Regional Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Conference, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., (2003, November). Counseling boys.
Presentation conducted at the Western Regional Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Conference, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L. (2003, April). Middle school childrens' and teachers' views on bullying and preferences for intervention strategies. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania School Counseling Association Conference, State College, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Russo, M.
![Kolbert Kolbert](/uploads/1/2/3/7/123729404/146563895.jpg)
F., Kolbert, J. B., & Kemmerer, A. (2002, April). Understanding the psychology of boys. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.(peer reviewed) Kolbert, J.
(2001, November). Counseling gay and lesbian students. Presentation conducted at the Western Regional Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Conference, Slippery Rock, PA. (peer reviewed) Russo, M. F., Kolbert, J. B., & Kemmerer, A.
(2001, October). Understanding the psychology of boys. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania Counselors Association Annual Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. (2001, October). Dual relationships in academia.
Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania Counselors Association Annual Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Love, G., & Kolbert, J. (2001, April).
Perspective-taking and pair therapy: Implications for school counselors. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Kemmerer, A., Kolbert, J.
Directions
B., & Soeder, P. (2001, April). How school counselors can address bullying effectively. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania School Counselors Association Annual Conference, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
(peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., Moffett, C.F., Kolbert, C. T., & Towsey, M.
(2000, November). Bullying prevention: Implementation of a middle school program. Presentation conducted at the Virginia Counselors Association Annual Conference, Roanoke, VA.(peer reviewed) Kemmerer, A., Soeder, P., & Kolbert, J. (2000, October). What counselors need to know about school bullying prevention. Presentation conducted at the Pennsylvania Counselors Association Annual Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. (peer reviewed) Moffett, C., F., Kolbert, J.
B., & Towsey, M. Linking arms to save our youth. Presentation conducted at the Virginia School Counselor Association Annual Conference, Fredericksburg, VA.
(peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., Robertson, F., & Towsey, M. (1999, March).
Linking arms to save our youth. Presentation conducted at the Middle School Association Annual Conference, Norfolk, VA. (peer reviewed) Turner, D. B., & Kolbert, J. (1996, November). The training and supervision needs of family counseling interns. Presentation conducted at the Virginia Counselors Association Convention, Roanoke, Virginia.
(peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. (1996, October). Ph.D.: Current perceptions of the Ph.D. In counselor education. School of Education, The College of William and Mary, Annual Academic Festival, Williamsburg, Virginia. (peer reviewed) Kolbert, J. B., Brendel, J.
M., & Gressard, C. (1995, November). Ph.D.: Practicality vs. Presentation conducted at the Southern Association for Counselor Education and Supervision Convention, Knoxville, Tennessee.(peer reviewed) Book Chapters. M., Kolbert, J.
B., & Hughes, T. Best practices in providing inservices for teachers and principals.
Harrison & A. Thomas (Eds.), Best practices in school psychology: Data-based and collaborative decision making (pp. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists. L., Kolbert, J. B., & Crothers, L. Best practices in behavioral/ecological consultation. Best practices in school psychology: Data-based and collaborative decision making (pp.
Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists. M., Kolbert, J. B., Albright, C. M., Hughes, T.
L., & Wells, D. Neurological contributions to bullying behavior. Lipinski & L.
Crothers (Eds.), Bullying in the workplace: Symptoms, causes, and remedies (pp. New York: Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group.
Fenclau, E., Albright, C. M., Crothers, L. M., & Kolbert, J. Schoolyard scuffles to conference room chaos: Bullying across the lifespan.
Lipinski & L. Crothers (Eds.), Bullying in the workplace: Symptoms, causes, and remedies (pp. New York: Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group. B., Crothers, L. M., & Wells, D. Evolutionary psychological models for predicting bullying and implications for intervention.
Lipinski & L. Crothers (Eds.), Bullying in the workplace: Symptoms, causes, and remedies (pp. New York: Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group.
S., Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., Tobin, R. M., & Schmitt, A. Strategies for treating bullies. Lipinski & L.
Crothers (Eds.), Bullying in the workplace: Symptoms, causes, and remedies (pp. New York: Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group. R., Crothers, L. M., Kolbert, J. B., & Hughes, T.
Relational and social bullying and callous-unemotional traits. Helfgott (Ed.), Criminal Psychology, Volumes 1-4 (Volume 4, Implications for Juvenile Justice, Corrections, and Reentry (pp.
Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger. & Crothers, L. Introduction to understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders: A reference for classroom for classroom teachers. Crothers (Eds.), Understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders (pp. New York: Continuum. M., Crothers, L.
M., & Kolbert, J. Understanding and managing behaviors of chlildren diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Crothers (Eds.), Understanding and managing behaviors of childen with psychological disorders (pp.
M., Fenclau, E., Albright, C. M., & Kolbert, J. Understanding and managing behaviors of children involved bully/victim conflicts.
Crothers (Eds.), Understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders (pp. New York: Continuum. M., Hughes, T. L., Crothers, L. M., & Kolbert, J. Understanding and managing behaviors of children diagnosed with eating disorders.
Crothers (Eds.), Understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders (pp. New York: Continuum.
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& Kolbert, J. Conclusion: Promoting and maintaining intervention success when working with children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral disorders. Crothers (Eds.), Understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders (pp.
New York: Continuum. & Kolbert, J. Teachers' management of student bullying in the classroom. Swearer, & D. Espelage (Eds.), Handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective (pp.
New York: Routlege. Just leave me alone. Henderson (Eds.), Case studies in school counseling. New York: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall. & Kolbert, J.
Enhancing emotional intelligence in parents: The professional school counselor's role. Pelliteri, R. Ackerman (Eds.), Emotionally intelligent school counseling (pp. Mawhwah, NJ: Erlbaum. & Kolbert, J.
Counseling incarcerated clients. Devaney (Eds.), Counseling multicultural and diverse populations: Practical strategies for counselors (pp. New York: Taylor & Francis. B., Williams, R., Morgan, L., Crothers, L. M., & Hughes, T. Introduction to professional school counseling: Advocacy, leadership, and intervention.
ISBN: 978-0-415-74675-5 (hardback) ISBN: 978-0-415-74674-8 (paperback) ISBN: 978-315-79744-1 (ebook) Kolbert, J. & Crothers, L. Understanding and managing behaviors of children with psychological disorders. New York: Continuum Books. ISBN: 978-1-4411-5836-9 (paperback) Field, J. E., Kolbert, J. B., Crothers, L.
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